The Christian Origins of the Quranic Text: A Historical Investigation of Monk Bahira and Warakha son of Nofil’s influence on Muhammad (PBUH)

Authors

  • Muhammad Tayyab Usmani Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Islamic Thought & Civilization, University of Management & Technology, Lahore
  • Dr. Mumtaz Ahmad Salik Director Al-Islah Foundation, Maudoodi Institute, Mansoora, Lahore

Keywords:

Orientalist, Quranic Text, Human Sources, Bahira, Judeo-Christian

Abstract

This research article aims to assess the assumptions of orientalists and western academicians about Bahira or Bohaira as the origin, fundamental source of the Qur’anic text, and teacher of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). According to their findings, Qur’an is not revealed by Allah but Muhammad (PBUH) was really the author of the Quran. They also affirm and claim that material in the Quran is composed in a Christian environment. Muhammad (PBUH) also taught biblical metaphysics from Bahira, Warakha son of Nofil, Abdullah son of Salam, Salman Persian, etc., who played such a larger role in the compilation of Muhammad’s Qur’anic text. According to Muslim scholarship and historical data, the Qur'anic text is revealed by Allah and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) did not learn any single word from any human teacher. Assumptions of the Orientalists are being critically analyzed and also presented the opinions of those orientalists who are not ready to accept their meetings and borrowing materials, which played an important role in the formation and composition of the Qur'anic Text.

References

Q. 16:103

Q. 25:4

Bell, Richard, The origin of Islam in its Christian Environment, Routledge, New York, 2012, 43

John of Damascus (Johannes Damascenus), a prominent theologian of the Eastern Church, got his last name from Damascus, where he was born about the end of the seventh century. AlRIansur (the victor) was his Arabic name, and because of his eloquence, he was given the nickname Chrysorrhoas (gold-pouring) John W. Voorhis, John of Damascus on the Moslem Heresy, The Moslem World, 1934, v.24, pp.392

Armstrong, Karen, Muhammad: a biography of the prophet, Harper Collins, New York, 1992, pp.42

Roggema, The Legend of Sergius Bahira: Eastern Christian Apologetics and Apocalyptic in Response To Islam, Liden, 2009, Pp.409

Newby, Gordon D. A Concise Encyclopedia of Islam, Oneworld Publications, oxford, 2002, 40-41

Hazleton, Lesley, The First Muslim: The Story of Muhammad, Atlantic Books London, 2013, pp.51-52

ibid

Sunan Al-Timidi, Hadith no. 3620

Gottheil, Richard, A Christian Bahira Legend, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, 1898, v.13, pp. 197

Ibid

Mohammad Khalifa, The Sublime Qur'an and Orientalism, International Islamic Publishers, Karachi, 1989, 13-14

Ibid

Hakim, Mustadrak Ala Sahihian, Darul Haramain, Cairo, 1997, v.2, pp.724

Carlyle, Thomas, On Heroes Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History, J. M. Dent & Sons, London 1908, pp.62

Noss, Jhon.B & Noss, David.S, Man’s Religion, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 1984, pp.501

Gottheil, Richard, A Christian Bahira Legend, pp.189

Margoliouth, D.S, Muhammad and the Rise of Islam, Routledge, New York, 2012, pp.42

Armstrong, karen, Muhammad A Prophet for Our Time, pp.32

Sahih Bukhari, Hadith no. 03

Jawad Ali, Al-Mufassal Fi Tarikhil Arab Qabl Al-Islam, Darul Ilam, Beirut, 1978, v.8, pp.319

Bell, Richard, The Origin of Islam and its Christian Environment, Routledge, New York, 2012, pp.57

Tisdall, Clair, The Original Sources of The Islam, Society for Promotion of Christian Knowledge, London, 1905, xi-xii

Geiger, Abraham, Judaism and Islam, M.D.C.S.P.C.K. Press, 1898, pp.17-18

ibn-Hisham, Al-Sirat-un-Nabawiyyah, Dar Al-Jail, Beirut, 1975, v.1, pp.175

Sahih Bukhari, Hadith no. 03

ibn-Hisham, Al-Sirat-un-Nabawiyyah,, v.1, pp.238

Jawad Ali, Al-Mufassal Fi Tarikhil Arab Qabl Al-Islam, v.8, pp.319

Hazleton, Lesley, The First Muslim: The Story of Muhammad, pp. 68-69

Louis Cheikho, Shuara-un-Nasraniyyah Qabl Al-Islam, Dar Al-Mashriq, Beirut, N-D, pp.616

Published

2020-12-31

How to Cite

Muhammad Tayyab Usmani, and Dr. Mumtaz Ahmad Salik. 2020. “The Christian Origins of the Quranic Text: A Historical Investigation of Monk Bahira and Warakha Son of Nofil’s Influence on Muhammad (PBUH)”. Al-Qamar 3 (2):207-24. https://alqamarjournal.com/index.php/alqamar/article/view/1099.

Issue

Section

Articles