اختلاف الحدیث" میں امام شافعی کے اصولِ رفعِ تعارض: ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ "

A Study of Imam Shāfʻi's Principles of Disagreement in "Ikhtilāl al-Ḥadīth”

Abstract

The art of Mukhtalif al-hadiths has a special importance in the sciences of hadith. Different scholars of art played their role in the promotion of this art and formulated principles and rules to remove the contradictions of hadiths. In the light of which, it was helpful to remove the contradictions of hadiths and to accept and reject them. Among these great personalities, the first name is that of Imam Muhammad bin Idris Al-Shafa'i, may God bless him and grant him peace. Imam Shafi'i has the status of inventor in the art of Mukhtalif ul hadiths. His great masterpiece on this art is his famous work "Ikhtilaf ul-Hadith". This is the book thanks to which you introduced this knowledge and its rules and regulations as an art to the scholars, commentators and mujtahidins. "Ikhtilaf ul-Hadith"is not only the first book to be written in this art, but it is also a permanent book in the explanation of the principle of hadith. The uniqueness of this book includes the fact that this book is as its name. This means that just as Imam Shafi'i named it "Ikhtilaf ul-Hadith"in the same way he collected material in it according to this name.There are total 79 chapters in this book of Imam Shafi'i. The order of which is contrary to the order of the chapters of jurisprudence books. In the chapters of this book, Imam Shafi'i has sometimes considered the term of jurisprudence and the principle of jurisprudence. Imam Shafi'i has not mentioned only two conflicting hadiths in each chapter, but has mentioned all the hadiths related to these chapters which seem to contradict each other in some way or the other. Further, all the evidences related to these hadiths have also been mentioned. Since Imam Shafi'i collected a collection of conflicting hadiths in this book. Imam Shafi'i formulated three basic rules to remove the mutual contradictions of the hadiths in this book. Among which the first rule is implementation, the second rule is abrogation, while the third rule is priority. Therefore, in the light of these rules, Imam Shafi's attempt to resolve the conflict has been reviewed.