العمل الخيري في خلافة أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه: دراسة تاريخية تحليلية Charitable Work under the Caliphate of Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (May Allah Be Pleased with Him): A Historical and Analytical Study

Abstract

Charitable work occupies a central position in Islamic civilization as one of 
the most effective means of achieving social solidarity, economic justice, and  human dignity. The foundations of philanthropy in Islam were established by the Qur'an and the Prophetic Sunnah and were subsequently translated into practical institutions during the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. Among them, Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (may Allah be pleased with him) played a decisive role in preserving and institutionalizing the Prophetic model of social welfare despite the severe political, military, and economic challenges that emerged after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This study examines the concept, foundations, manifestations, and societal impacts of charitable work during the caliphate of Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq through a historical and analytical approach. It explores the administration of the public treasury, financial justice, support for vulnerable groups, humanitarian assistance, and the relationship between philanthropy and state governance. The study argues that charitable work under Abu Bakr was not limited to voluntary benevolence but represented a comprehensive public policy rooted in Islamic ethical values and legal principles. Furthermore, it demonstrates that his model successfully combined spiritual motivation with administrative 
efficiency and social responsibility. The findings suggest that the 
philanthropic policies implemented during his caliphate established a 
sustainable framework capable of inspiring contemporary charitable 
institutions in addressing modern humanitarian and socio-economic 
challenges while preserving the ethical foundations of Islamic civilization.